Analyzing the thermal behavior of facades in order to determine the optimal performance of energy consumption (Case study: An office building in Tehran)

In hot and dry climates, protecting the building from receiving light and heat energy from the sun is one of the first measures to optimize energy consumption and create thermal comfort for residents. The present study, which has been done by software simulation method, with the aim of determining the most suitable facade in terms of energy consumption, investigates the thermal behavior of facades of an office building in the climate of Tehran. In order to achieve the best option, the thermal behavior of the four facades "single skin with fixed canopy "Double Skin Façade with glass", "Double Skin Façade with movable canopy" and "kinetic facade" on both north and south fronts are evaluated. Findings from calculations show that the annual energy consumption, including: cooling, heating and electric lighting is less on the south side than on the north side. Also, assuming other operating conditions are stable, "movable" awnings perform better than "fixed" awnings. In terms of the type of facade, the "kinetic facade" with the ability to adjust its components such as direction of rotation, opening and closing, has a good performance in reducing the amount of energy consumed by the building compared to other facades. So that this facade with the ability to reduce the amount of energy consumption of the building by 42.3% compared to the conventional single-skin facade, the most optimal facade is determined in this research.