Evaluation the Effect of Conservation Tillage on Sunflower Yield and Energy Productivity

The development of cultivation and sustainable production of sunflower is one of the important issues in agriculture. In this research, the effect of conservation tillage on energy consumption and sunflower yield in the Kalpoush dryland region of Shahrood was studied. An experimental design RCBD with five replications and four treatments was selected. The treatments were no-tillage (T1), reduced tillage (T2) and two conventional tillage without and with gathering residue (T3 and T4). Results showed that moisture content difference was significant at 0-30cm of soil depth. Sunflower yield difference was significant (P<1%). Maximum and minimum sunflower yield was related to reduced and conventional tillage with gathering residue, respectively. Between no-tillage and reduced tillage, Sunflower yield difference wasn't significant (P<5%). Reduced and conventional tillage with gathering residue (T2 and T4) had the maximum and minimum energy efficiency and energy productivity, respectively. Regarding conservation tillage advantages (soil moisture maintenance and energy saving), for sunflower production (dryland), it may be recommended that plowing can be replaced by conservation tillage (chisel-packer or no-tillage). Application of conservation tillage for sunflower production compared with moldboard plough, in addition to increase of crop yield, increased energy productivity.