Influence of Sulfur Fertilizers and Nano-potassium Foliar Application on Morphologic، Agronomic Characters and Quality of Seed Safflower

Application of nutrients needed for the growth and development of plants through the use of biological and Nano-fertilizers, while increasing yield, prevents the effects of excessive use of chemical fertilizers on the environment. This experiment was carried out as split plots in randomized complete blocks design in three replications during the cropping year 2020-2021 in Khamesan village of Kamyaran located in Sanandaj. In this experiment, the effect of four levels' application of sulfur fertilizers including control, granular sulfur fertilizer, thiobacillus bio fertilizer, granular sulfur fertilizer + thiobacillus in main plots and the three amount of foliar application of Nano-potassium fertilizer, 0, 5 and 10 kg/ha in the sub-factor were compared on morphological, seed yield and quality characters. The results showed that there were significant differences in the number of secondary stems at 5% and number of seeds per head, 1000-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, oil and protein yield at 1% under the influence of sulfur fertilizers. The maximum grain yields, oil and protein yield was achieved in the treatment of granular sulfur fertilizer + thiobacillus, which showed an increase of 28.49, 41.72 and 32.46% as arrangement in comparison with the control. Also, grain numbers per head, grain yield, biological yield, and oil yield at 1% and oil and protein percentages and protein yield at 5% showed significant differences under the influence of different amounts of foliar Nano-potassium fertilizer. So, that the foliar application of 10 kg/ha of Nano potassium caused the maximum amount of the mentioned traits and increased grain yield, oil and protein percentages and oil and protein yield compared to the control: 1.05, 2.56, 0.64, 14.26 and 4.48%, respectively.