Analysis of Water Resources Management Studies in Iran and the World

Water stress is an important issue facing the world today. Some see it as affected by climate change and droughts, while others see it as poorly managed inhabitants of the planet. Every year, scientists and experts come together to think of a solution to the problem of water shortage. Iran is also one of the driest regions in the world due to its location in the arid geographical belt and desert belt and is thus no exception to this rule. The purpose of this paper is to analyze meta-analytic studies of water resources management. For this purpose, the collected articles were identified and categorized separately at both national and transnational levels. According to the studies, it was found that most studies at the national and transnational levels have focused on the status of water resources management and few studies have examined the causes and reasons for the challenges in water resources management. Also, studies have shown that adaptation and prevention, removal of economic barriers and the use of technology along with increasing stakeholder cooperation, developing a fully collaborative scenario as an alternative to the water transfer scenario, as well as thoughtful and comprehensive planning along with the awareness of actors and the collective will for good governance are some appropriate solutions to the water crisis and climate change. Despite such solutions, water resources management issues should have been resolved by now, but why is the water issue still a challenge? The research findings show that the solution to this problem is not reached by understanding the reasons, but only the favorable conditions versus the unfavorable conditions have been studied. Thus, this research seeks to find out how water resources management happens in this way.