The Effect of Gd Cation Substitution on the Structural and Electromagnetic Properties of Z-Type Barium Hexaferrite

The effect of gadolonium cation substitution on the structural and electromagnetic properties of Z-type barium hexaferrite was investigated in this study. This group of compounds is known as Ba3Co2-xGdxFe24O41, and it was created using the energetic milling approach with substitution values of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 0.1, and 1.2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photos of Ba3Co1.6Gd0.4Fe24O41 samples were obtained to investigate the phase formation temperature and the effect of particle size on the properties of this compound. A network vector analyzer was used to assess the real and imaginary components of the samples' electrical permittivity (ε) and magnetic permeability (μ) in order to evaluate their electromagnetic properties (VNA). Using these coefficients, reflection loss diagrams of the compounds were created in the frequency range of 1-18 GHz. By examining the samples in terms of maximum absorption intensity and bandwidth at the same time, the samples with Gd substitution with x = 0.5 in the frequency bands S and C1, the sample with x = 0.3 in the band C2, the sample with x = 0.3 in the X band, the sample with x = 0.1 in the X band, and the sample with x = 1.2 in the Ku band were chosen as the optimal samples (S: 1-2 GHz, C1: 2-4 GHz, C2: 4-8 GHz, X: 8-12 GHz, Ku: 12-18 GHz).