Active Teaching in E-Learning from the Perspective of Elementary Teachers: Methods, consequences and Challenges

Due to the high dropout rate in e-courses, a measured educational design that includes motivating learners to engage with the content of the training can increase the effectiveness of e-courses. Therefore, in these courses, the interaction and activity of the learner is emphasized, especially in elementary schools, which are more important due to the characteristics and age conditions of children. The aim of this study was to investigate the active teaching methods in e-learning from the perspective of elementary school teachers and in addition to what methods are used, the consequences of using this method as well as the challenges and obstacles of this path from their perspective are analyzed. This study is an applied research in terms of purpose and a qualitative survey in terms of data collection. The target population is elementary school teachers in districts 1 and 19 of Tehran who were selected by purposive sampling. The data from this study were saturated in sample 74. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview and the data were analyzed using Granheim and Landman analysis method. Findings show that teachers consider the use of new teaching methods, motivational activities and e-classroom facilities necessary to activate students and they believe that these factors increase students' self-confidence and learning, and make credible assessment possible. According to them, the obstacles ahead include weak infrastructure, lack of parental cooperation and poor pedagogical knowledge of teachers. These barriers have made teachers less likely to use active teaching methods and still prefer the traditional teaching method. According to the findings, counseling can be effective for learners' participation in establishing the right relationship and interaction. Therefore, it seems necessary to remove the infrastructural barriers and also to provide appropriate specialized trainings to the teachers of this course.