Physical Analysis of the Courtyard of Hot and Dry Native Residential Buildings (Case Study: Yazd)

The yard, as one of the most important elements of indigenous architecture, has taken on different physical patterns in different climates, observing the principle of adaptation to the environment. These features and differences can be assumed as variables and criteria for climate analysis of the central courtyard of native houses between the climates of the study area. Criteria are determined according to the common physical characteristics of the samples, the degree of influence of environmental conditions and spatial organization. Therefore, the present study, with the aim of physically examining the central courtyard and identifying the influential factors of hot and dry climate, tries to provide a new perspective in achieving a common design for the inhabitants of this climate. The type of research is fundamental-applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. The sample size is focused on the climatic and environmental role of the yard and its walls and the selection of twenty samples of historical houses in Yazd, which are in the climatic zone of the hot and dry region of Iran BWhs, has been used. The collected data were analyzed in the form of graphs and tables using SPSS software. The results of this study show that the orientation and physical-climatic components are of great importance and can be used as effective factors in the design of houses. Also, based on the results of the analysis, the best relationship between the length and width of a yard was obtained with three linear equations for designing yards based on geometric ratios. Considering the results of the design results, significant effects of sustainable architecture can be achieved.