Water Scarcity and Stress in the Twentieth Century and Solutions to Achieve Global Water Security

With the increase in population, global warming and climate changes, in the not too distant future, especially in arid and semi-arid regions of the world, there will be a problem of water shortage, which can cause severe crises in various fields. Therefore, it is necessary to study the behavior of water in the past and provide solutions in order to achieve sustainability, to a large extent prevent the occurrence of problems caused by water scarcity such as desertification, development of poverty, threats to food security, air pollution and other destructive environmental, social and economic effects. . In a world with water security, the importance of the real value of water and the importance of water consumption for human life and well-being become one. In a world with water security, the productive power of water is under control and its destructive force is minimized. Water security also means managing and dealing with environmental protection and the negative effects of poor management. In water security, ending the scattered responsibility of water and integrating the management of water resources in all sectors including finance, planning, agriculture, energy, tourism, industry, education and health are considered. In this research, examining the trends of water consumption and scarcity on a regional and global scale, and classifying water scarcity for different years in order to direct and regulate management work in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development, trajectory archetypes have been discussed which can be useful in identifying suitable possible solutions to deal with water shortage, as well as evaluating solutions to reduce consumption, according to the climate of the region and its conditions.