A Review of Applications and Methods of Preparation of Magnesium Hydroxide and its Effective Factors

Magnesium hydroxide is a substance with the chemical formula Mg(OH)2 that is found in nature as an inorganic mineral of brucite. This chemical compound can be synthesized in the form of a solid white powder. It has very little solubility in water. Magnesium hydroxide belongs to a group of compounds of a unique nature due to its large number of desirable properties and applications. Magnesium hydroxide is one of the main antacid compounds such as magnesium milk as well as laxatives. Of course, this compound is also used in other fields such as the food industry, water, and wastewater treatment, and the production of fire retardant sprays.In industrial laboratories, this compound is also used to form and synthesize many chemical compounds such as magnesium oxide. This compound is known as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration completely wholesome. For this reason, manufacturers of pharmaceutical products and dietary supplements use this compound. There are many factors that cause the acidification of industrial effluents and wastewater. One of the steps that are necessary for the process of water treatment and distance is pH neutralization. Researchers use magnesium hydroxide for this purpose. Considering the importance of this material in this study, applications and methods of preparation of magnesium hydroxide including precipitation, sonochemical, electrochemical, microwave radiation, etc. were investigated and the factors affecting it were investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of each method and the parameters affecting the final product have been investigated in each method.