Iranian scholars' encounter with the theory of "Oriental Despotism ", with a look at pre-modern Iran A study in "field historiography"

Oriental Despotism is one of the orientalist theories that seeks to explain the East from a Western perspective. In this study, we examined Wittfogel's theory of Oriental Despotism from the perspective of geographical differences in premodern Iran. The theoretical and methodological foundations of this research are influenced by the school of anal historiography, with an emphasis on geographical differences. This research is a library and its findings have been extracted from the works of Iranian authors. To show how Iranian scholars deal with the theory of Oriental Despotism , the tradition of anthropology (field historiography) has been analyzed and in which the works of Javad Safinejad and Morteza Farhadi have been emphasized. The result of this research is to determine the relationship between Iranian experts and the theory of Oriental Despotism . Based on the findings of this study, the tradition of field historiography provides a different narrative of the mechanism of agriculture, land and irrigation in different parts of Iran, which differs from the presuppositions and foundations of Wittfogel's Oriental Despotism theory and can be a prelude to writing field history and local histories.