Model of Frequency Security Margin Constrained Generation/Transmission Expansion Planning with Contribution of Renewable Energy Resources Virtual Inertia

With the expansion of renewable energy resources and the reduction of the power system total inertia, the problem of providing the primary frequency response (PFR) has been raised. Other methods were welcomed. The issue of generation/transmission expansion planning must also adapt to these methods. Therefore, in this paper, a model of generation/transmission expansion planning is presented in which each of the renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power plants has virtual inertia. So, they can participate in the primary frequency response. Moreover, Frequency security margin constraints are also included in the issue. Frequency security margin is the maximum allowable and tolerable unbalance between the generation and consumption power of the network which can lead to more accurate expansion planning than other PFR-based method, if considered. Compared to the traditional method, the network's tolerance to sudden events has increased, which has certainly can be achieved at a higher cost than the traditional one. The IEEE-RTS96 network was used to verify the proposed model. The results show a percentage increase in cost compared to the traditional method, and an increase in network frequency security margin. The combination of YALMIP and MOSEK software has been used to solve the mixed integer linear programming model, which have shown its superiority in solving these models.