A Study of the Political and Social Dimensions of Complaints in Khaghani and Nezami Poetry

Gravamen is one of the types of lyrical literature and is said to be poems that the poet sings in the face of adversity and deprivation and relates to his/her composer's sorrow, suffering, despair, failure, adversity and misery. This type of poetry, especially in Persian literature, has a significant place. Poets, who are perspicacious artists and possessors of insightful ideas, study the situation of the society more carefully and show its disorders in their work. The present study compares Khaghani's and Nezami's gravamens. These poets have artistically expressed their discontents about the situation of their personal and social life directly and indirectly on the margins of their poems, which by examining them, we can learn about the political and social situation prevailing in their time . The method of the present study is library and descriptive-analytical method and the importance of this study is in understanding the situation of the age of poets and becoming aware of their personal life by examining the discontents raised in their poems. The results show that both poets are dissatisfied with the political and social situation in their society and have expressed this dissatisfaction on the margins of their poems, sometimes explicitly and sometimes indirectly.