The Semantic Transformation of Fazl, Preference,in the Verse 34 of Nisa in Some Selected Commentariesfrom the 2nd to the 15th Centuries

The semantic range of fazl and its derivatives, as one of the most used words in the Holy Quran - which is used more than 90 times in different verses - is very wide. Among them, the meanings presented in the interpretations in verse 34 of Surah Nisaa have been the origin of raising serious questions in this field. In this article, by using the model of historical semantics, while examining the process of changes in the semantic field of this word through 40 interpretations from the first interpretive works to the contemporary era, the author has tried to compare and analyze this information and data and determine the degree of their convergence and divergence. To provide the context of a critical typology and by relying on in-textual clues, such as: literal meaning, context and other verses, to provide the context to achieve the correct meaning of this word. The results of the investigations show that the use of fazl in this verse is mostly related to material affairs and dependent on human efforts and is not an inherent privilege for men.