The theory of the leadership of tradition in the extension of Al-Farabi's political philosophy

The proposal of the theory of the leadership of tradition in the political philosophy and at the level of rational and philosophical issues was first made by Abû Nasr al-Fârâbî. In the most difficult political conditions of the transition from the Ahl al-Bayt (a.s.) to the age of the occultation, he rushed to the help of figh and jurists with the proof method and produced an innovative and lasting theory along the lines of political philosophy. It is natural that he could not do this according to Greek political philosophy, unless he first paid attention to the Islamicization of this knowledge. Based on his religious and epistemological concern, al-Fârâbî succeeded in correctly understanding the Greek practical philosophy and with establishing it on the level of Quranic theoretical philosophy created a political philosophy distinct from its historical origin from two aspects of "foundation" and "goalization" and placed it under religious teachings and Islamic meta-image. This epistemological operation provided the way for the production and proliferation of intellectual issues in the Islamic ecosystem, and in this way, al-Fârâbî was able to design the focal point of "utopia" in his political philosophy, and with realism from its channel to the mission of the "first head" and the imamate of the "relative head" and the headship of the figh Jame al-Shar'ayt with the title "head of the tradition" and in his absence in the form of the leadership council of "leaders of the tradition" and "leaders of the virtuous". By justifying and rationalizing the different levels of the ideal political system according to the different conditions of Islamic societies, he solved the problem of leadership vacuum and the trouble of political philosophy in the trap of subjectivism. This article was focused on the analysis of al-Fârâbî's philosophical texts with a rational and proof method and presented the above-mentioned innovative achievement along al-Fârâbî 's political philosophy.