Collective Behavior or Protest Action: A Study of the Social Unrest of November 2019 using grounded Theory

Social unrest refers to public discontent and the unconventional and sometimes violent practices of individuals in society. This article examines the social unrests of November 2019. The lack of consensus on the application of the concepts, as well as the lack of theoretical consensus on the study of these unrests, show the problematic aspects of this issue. The aim of this study was to investigate the nature of social unrest in November 2019 using a qualitative method. The logic behind data collection is triangulation according to the nature of the issue that has occurred in the past, which uses multiple data sources and various techniques such as interview, analysis of written, visual documents. The grounded theory (GT) method used to analyze the data and present the final theory. The findings include ten categories: protest action, political incapacity, motivational structure, low institutional legitimacy, poorer society, information provision, fattening of horizontalism, aggravation and peripherally of protest. The central category of this research is protest action, which includes the above categories. Then, according to the obtained results, causal conditions, contextual and intervening conditions extracted and the relevant conceptual model explained.