Explaining the Propulsions for designing the Underground space of urban bridges, with the approach of social stability and spatial dynamics (Case study: the Underground space of the Khajeh Rashid overpass bridge in Hamedan)

This study aims to explain the propulsions  for designing the underground area of urban bridges with the approach of social sustainability and spatial dynamics to achieve a framework for optimal design following social sustainability and the vitality and dynamism of these spaces. The research method is applied based on the purpose and is descriptive and analytical, and the plan is based on correlation, which is done with a survey technique. Data collection was done by documentary and field methods, and the software used in this research were SPSS and Lisrel. Research indicators were validated using Delphi (10 experts) and Cronbach's alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to explain the arrows, and a one-sample t-test, multivariate regression, and factor analysis measurement model were used to analyze the data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the data. The statistical population of the study, consisting of citizens of Hamedan around the Khajeh Rashid overpass bridge, is 250 samples. The research indicators were assessed using the Likert scale with a hypothetical average of 3 and 5 criteria (including functional, social, environmental, visual, physical, and perceptual) and 24 indicators. The standard of all hands is 2.95, which is lower than the assumed average (3). Using the beta coefficient, the highest regression was obtained between the criterion of social sustainability and the design of the underground space of urban bridges (r = 0.784). The results show that 43% (variance 0.43) of social dynamics and sustainability in undercover areas of urban bridges are affected by variables (functional, social sustainability, environmental, visual, perceptual physical), which indicate high fitness and desirability and indicate the necessary explanatory and predictive power in the subject of research.