Investigating the Role of Vertical and Horizontal Density in Urban Housing Typology

A great deal of research has been carried out on the classification of residential units and various classifications have been presented. The purpose of this article was to investigate the role of vertical and horizontal density in urban housing typology in order to improve human health and the active living environment of citizens. Therefore, in this article, the typology of housing was discussed from the perspective of horizontal and vertical density in urban housing architecture, and based on the results obtained, factors affecting health were discussed. The assumptions of this research were based on the impact of residential density on flexibility and changeability, the type of environmental arrangement, the number of unconnected houses on the residents' perception of their place of residence. The current research was applied and descriptive non-experimental in terms of its nature and method. Cochran's formula was used for sampling and 385 questionnaires were collected. Sample selection was random and included engineers and architectural specialists at the engineering system organization of Tehran province with at least 15 years of related activity and work experience. Data collection method was through the use of a questionnaire as well as library study by referring to available documents in scientific and authoritative articles. The validity of the questionnaire was obtained by formulating the questions based on the theoretical foundations of the research and with the comments and approval of the above-selected engineers and architectural experts. In order to confirm the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used and values ​​above 0.7 were considered acceptable. The mean test was calculated on the main and specific hypotheses in SPSS22 software and at a confidence level of 0.95. The results demonstrated that all research hypotheses were confirmed. As a result of this research, effective factors in human health and living environment were identified and recommendations were made for using all factors.