Study of Release Behavior of Carboplatin from Modified Immunoglobulin Nanoparticles by Folic Acid: Preparation, Characterization and Analytical Approaches

The sustained release potential of bioactive materials and drugs is a major requirement in the development of carriers for cancer treatment. In this study, Carboplatin (Crb) as a standard anticancer drug was loaded to immunoglobulin G nanoparticles (IgGNPs) in the absence (Crb@IgGNPs) and the presence of folic acid (FA), (Crb@FA.IgGNPs) as a targetable agent. Their physicochemical properties were characterized by various techniques. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique indicated that the average hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential values of Crb@IgGNPs and Crb@FA.IgGNPs were 831.23±4.95 nm; (PDI: 0.980.31), 397.47±22.96 nm; (PDI: 0.780.08) and -2.97±1.17 mV, -7.06±0.72 mV, respectively. The spherical shapes of the nanocarriers showed more particle size distribution in Crb@FA.IgGNPs are confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of nanocarriers confirmed Crb loading onto IgGNPs and FA.IgGNPs. Afterwards, In vitro release study of Crb and Crb@FA.IgGNPs was performed that demonstrated Crb was slowly released from FA.IgGNPs (about 61 h longer than only Crb) and the release mechanism was followed by korsmeyer-peppas model with Fickian diffusion. Overall, it was observed that the novel designed drug carrier improved the drug release with the appropriate properties for clinical approaches.