Effectiveness of Alginate Hydrogel Containing Ganoderma Polysaccharides on Wound Healing in Rat Model

Infectious wounds are one of the most important problems of today's society, which lead to a delay in the stages of wound healing. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common infections in trauma wounds. Ganoderma as an important mushroom with bioactive compounds that has been widely used in traditional medicine on P. aeruginosa. This study aimed to assess effectiveness and antimicrobial properties in this mushroom on P. aeruginosa.   Polysaccharide compound was extracted from the Ganoderma lucidum mushroom by the Soxhlet method and then purified, and the determination of concentration and characterization was done by FTIR method. Then, effect of polysaccharide on P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 was evaluated on MIC and MBC by broth dilution tests. Next, alginate/collagen polysaccharide hydrogel was synthesized by thermal method and the toxicity was evaluated on L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. Fifteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups namely control, positive control, and Al/col/Ps. Histopathological changes were studied. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. MIC and MBC concentration of the polysaccharide compound against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were calculated as 1.56 and 3.13 mg/ml, respectively. In this study, the sample cell viability with an acceptable survival rate of > 70% (toxicity < 30-35%) was the same as the control, indicating non-toxicity compared to the control sample. According to wound histopathology, wound closure (86%), fibroblast 18520, hair follicle 4, angiogenesis, collagen, and epidermis were significantly higher in the Al/col/Ps system group compared to the control group. In addition to antimicrobial activity against the standard P. aeruginosa, the extracted polysaccharide plays a significant role in infectious traumatic wound. Our results demonstrate that the Al/col/Ps hydrogel system can be recommended as a potential treatment for trauma wound infections.