The Genomic Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) causes global pandemic public health problem in the world. COVID-19 has been defined as a disease that can be transmitted from human to human via respiratory products. Considering COVID-19 pandemic, the publication of articles on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease induced by this virus are dramatically increased. This review article aims to gather the knowledge associated to the genomic characteristics and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 strains, thus enlightened us in understanding SARS-CoV-2 pathogenecity that will helps in developing new mitigation strategies. The full genome characterization of SARS-CoV-2 give insight into the virus evolution and adaptation in different populations across the globe. As different variants of strains circulating in various regions and populations, further investigations are necessary to warrant the impact of treatment on different strains.