A Clinical Registry Study on Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Cairo

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a type of coronary heart disease responsible for one-third of deaths in individuals older than 35. Registries are a powerful tool to improve patient care and research.
 
We registered 1432 patients with ACS from 2 major tertiary healthcare institutes in Cairo from August 2019 through July 2020. ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was reported in 50.6% of the patients, non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in 28.9%, and unstable angina in 20.5%.
 
The mean age was 66.9 ± 11.3 years, 78.4% were male, and 56.4% were current smokers. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (52.2%) and diabetes mellitus (47.3%). A history of ischemic heart disease was reported in 24.2%. Both institutes are 24/7 primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-capable centers; consequently, primary PCI for STEMI patients and invasive strategies for non–ST-elevation ACS patients were done once indicated. Drug-eluting stents were used in 69.7% and bare-metal stents in 30.3% of the patients undergoing primary PCI. The rates of in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality were 4.8% and 0.8%, respectively. In-hospital and discharge medications were optimal. The potential of different factors as predictors of in-hospital MACE was evaluated using multivariate and univariate analyses. In-hospital MACE occurrence was more frequent in STEMI patients. The multivariate analysis showed that MACE occurred more frequently in STEMI patients with chronic kidney disease, ischemic cardiomyopathy, peripheral arterial disease, a longer door-to-balloon time, and multivessel disease.
 
This registry is one of the largest ACS registries in Cairo, Egypt, covering patient characteristics, risk factors, interventional methods, and medical treatment. (Iranian Heart Journal 2023; 24(3): 32-44)