An Introduction to the Impact of Sustainable Landscape Parameters on the Archetype of the Design of Persian Garden: Royal Pasargadae Garden

The architectural structure of the Persian garden was created along with the evolution of Iranian culture and civilization over centuries, and it has been known as one of the ancient cultural heritages. Pasargadae was a garden city created by Cyrus, the great, in 6BCE. Studies on historical documents and excavations of archeologists in the ancient site of Pasargadae and its royal garden show that Pasargadae Garden is one of the first documented examples of gardening in Iran, and recognized as an archetype of Persian garden. Moreover, studies show that sustainability is one of the most important factors, which contributed to the Persian garden design. This paper aims to synopsize the sustainable characteristics of Pasargadae Garden as the oldest recognized type of Persian garden, based on its architectural layout, identified by archeologists’ excavations and historical documents. To achieve this purpose, the research employs the interpretive-historical method to recognize the parameters and constituent elements of Pasargadae Garden, existing in the subsequent Persian gardens, and data are gathered from the relevant documents. By the study and analysis of sustainable characteristics of royal garden of Pasargadae, some information will be obtained which have an effective role in gaining the design principles of the subsequent gardens. Results show that the architecture of archetype of Persian garden corresponds to the parameters of environmental sustainability.