A New Type-II Fuzzy Logic Control-Based Energy Management Strategy for Improving Fuel Cell Durability and Fuel Economy of Hybrid Electric Vehicle

This paper presents a novel energy management strategy (EMS) for the hybrid electric vehicle with fuel cell/battery/ultra-capacitor energy sources (FCHEV). For improving the durability and fuel economy of the fuel cell system in FCHEV, the proposed EMS utilized a close-loop control strategy that combines fuzzy logic control (FLC) and a frequency decoupling-based model based on an adaptive low-pass filter and wavelet transform methods. Uncertainty as a powerful tool is utilized to design flexible strategies using type-II FLC based on the charge state of power storage systems. Furthermore, the designed frequency decoupling-based control system separates three optimal frequency components of the required power to supply it by fuel cell, battery, and ultra-capacitor systems based on their individual characteristics and limitation of the power fluctuation on the fuel cell system. Finally, a dynamic performance test used the ADVISOR simulator under the World Light Vehicle Test Cycle (WLTC) to compare the proposed strategy with different strategies. According to the simulation results, the proposed strategy ensures the safety of the ultra-capacitor and battery park and improves the durability of the fuel cell while reducing the hydrogen consumption maximum by 14.6% in comparison with different strategies under similar driving conditions.