Production of Ganoderma resinaceum Boud. on agricultural wastes and evaluation of total polysaccharide and yield

One of the important strategies for using agricultural waste is to use the biological capacity of medicinal fungi. Agricultural wastes are produced in most parts of Iran as a result of agricultural, horticultural and forestry activities. And every year, thousands of tons of waste materials are burned or thrown away, which leads to environmental pollution and health hazards. In addition to being accessible, the substrate should create lower financial costs for the producer and also create a suitable performance. The aim of this research is to investigate different substrates (various wastes of agricultural and industrial products) for the cultivation of G. resinaseum. By choosing the right substrate and checking the balanced ratio of carbon to nitrogen in the substrates, it is possible to improve the desired quantitative (performance) and qualitative (nutritional value) traits in G. resinaceum.

This study was performed in a completely randomized design with 3 replications with Iranian isolate of G. resinaseum in 2020. After collecting the mushroom from the forest, the pure culture of the sterilized basidiocarp was carried out, and then the spawn of the Iranian G. resinaceum was produced. Experimental treatments include 7 types of substrates including 1. Poplar sawdust + Rice bran (90+10) 2. Poplar sawdust + Soybean meal (90+10) 3. Poplar sawdust + Wheat straw (60+40) 4. Poplar sawdust + Rice straw (60+40) 5. Poplar sawdust + Date palm sawdust (70+30) 6. Poplar sawdust + Banana tree waste (70+30) 7. Poplar sawdust (100).

The results of this study showed that the highest yield (210.06 g / 2000 g substrate), total dry matter (95.35 g / 2000 g substrate), total polysaccharide (15.95 mg / g dry matter) and Biological efficiency (10.5 persent) of G. resinaseum belongs to the combination of wood chips with rice bran. And the highest amount of total nitrogen of fruiting body (3.67 mg/100 g dry matter) and the protein (22.93 mg/100 g dry matter) is related to the substrate of wood chips with soybean meal. also, the shortest time for spawn running (28.66 days), pinhead formation (41 days) and precocity (65 days) were recorded for wood chip substrate with rice bran.

Adding organic supplements is one of the appropriate methods to modify the substrate and reduce the ratio of carbon to nitrogen. according to the results of this study, it is recommended to add rice bran supplement, soybean meal and use of wheat straw, rice straw, date palm wastes and banana tree wastes to the wood chip.