An overview of the development process of fuel cell vehicles in the world

In this research, by reviewing more than 50 authentic and up-to-date international articles, the advantages and challenges of fuel cell cars have been stated. Also, while presenting the latest statistics of the fuel cell car market in the world, the solutions of different countries to solve the challenges and development of these cars, as well as predicting their future, have been mentioned. Many countries have announced the years 2030 to 2050 as the beginning of banning the sale of internal combustion vehicles. One of the important challenges of the fuel cell car is hydrogen production. According to the European Union report, the average cost of producing hydrogen from fossil fuel is 1.8 dollars per kilogram, while the cost of producing hydrogen from renewable energy is between 3 and 6.6 dollars per kilogram. By reducing the cost of hydrogen production through the use of renewable energies, the ideal goal of low cost and low emissions can be achieved, so that according to the roadmap of the International Energy Agency (IEA) in 2050, the cost of fuel cell vehicles will be very close to gasoline cars and the market share of fuel cell cars will be around 17%. Currently, the allocation of government subsidies is very colorful. For example, we can mention a 65% discount in California for the sale of Toyota Mirai and a 50% discount in South Korea for the sale of Hyundai NEXO.