Response of agricultural cultivars, breed wheat landraces and two species of Aegilops to root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus

Root-lesion nematodes genus Pratylenchus are among the 10 most important plant parasitic nematodes in the world. Their economic damage as the third damaging group sometimes reaches 85%. In this research, the response of 100 landraces of spring bread wheat, 20 cultivars and two species Aegilops tauschii and Ae. cylindrica was evaluated to root-lesion nematode under greenhouse conditions in the form of a randomized complete block design. ANOVA analysis was done based on one-way analysis of variance and to compare the averages, the least significant difference (LSD) test was used at the probability level of 5%. The results showed that inoculation with nematodes led to a significant decrease in the growth indices. The effect of genotype and nematode inoculation on all phenotypic traits was significant at the 5% probability level. Based on the reproduction factor, the genotypes were divided into five groups with RF <0.36 (resistant), 0.36-0.58 (semi-resistant), 0.58-0.81 (tolerant), 0.81-1.03 (semi-sensitive) and RF > 0.03 (sensitive). Ten genotypes (8.2%) as sensitive, 12 genotypes (9.83%) as semi-sensitive, 30 genotypes (24.59%) as tolerant, 49 genotypes (40.16%) as semi-resistant and 21 genotypes (17.21%) were identified as resistant. A direct relationship between the nematode-related indices (RF and the number of nematodes per root weight) and the growth indices of plants after nematode infection was observed, so that the higher the nematode indices, the lower the plant growth index. This matter showed the significant effect of nematode on the studied genotypes.