The Structural Design of a Complete Band Gap using Non-Uniform Photonic Crystals with Low Index Material

This study presents a photonic bandgap formation in a non-uniform 2D photonic crystal structure with low index rods relative to the air background. In order to find an absolute photonic band gap formation, photonic lattices of two non-uniform square and triangular configurations with different rod radiuses and ring-shaped rods are studied. Based on PWE simulations, it was possible to achieve PBGs for both TM and TE polarizations by changing parameters such as rod dielectric constants and radius sizes. In the adjusted square lattice, the symmetry reduction opened a 39% PBG width. Both structures' PBGs are strongly influenced by their dielectric constants and geometry parameters.