The Link Between Political Power Structure and its Ideology with the Lack of Institutional Development, Renewal, and Reform in Iran (1978-2021)

The current research tries to get an analytical and critical understanding of the process of institutional differentiation and their dysfunctions, as well as the role of modernization and modernity in the process of institutional differentiation in the religious system of Islamic republics. To answer these analyzes and criticisms, the theories of classical and contemporary sociologists such as Durkheim, Parsons, Abrahamian, Katouzian, etc. were used and finally the question was raised that whatever society is in the transition stage from traditional to modern, balanced development and gradually enjoyed, it inevitably faced institutional change and differentiation, and on the contrary, if the society did not enjoy a balanced, synchronized and gradual development process, or one of the institutions took over other social institutions, it faced functional disorder and weak institutional differentiation. . As history shows, the process of modernization in Iran, which mainly started with Reza Shah's reign, gradually transformed many aspects of traditional Iranian society, but despite that, modernity in the sense that emerged in the West and led to institutional differentiation. , was not realized in Iranian society. In other words, Iran's social institutions were quickly modernized in terms of form, but in the long run, they could not find a completely separate and specific identity.