Open innovation in small and medium enterprises of Yazd gold industry based on systematic review and fuzzy mapping

The issue of open innovation has been widely discussed in the innovation management literature in recent decades, which leads to their increasing recognition, including accelerating the internal innovations of companies and expanding the market to take advantage of external innovations in small and medium enterprises. For this purpose, at first, a systematic review of the literature was done in order to achieve a properly enough research background and then a sample of 54 articles was chosen and examined by using Systematic review approach. After the identification of the related variables, the relations between them were examined and drawn as a conceptual framework based on the research background. Then, in order to adapt the identified framework to reality, interviews with experts were done and after verification, several new variables, such as the degree of variability of managers, the culture of monopoly of knowledge, and competence; were added to the new framework and with the final identification of 32 categories, the relevant questionnaire was developed and distributed among stakeholders. Finally, by extracting the results and using the fuzzy mapping technique and also two soft wares of FCMapper and Pajek, a correlation model was designed between the factors and by analyzing the relevant results, effective scenarios were identified in the research. The results of this study showed that if we focus on the three factors of trust-building in cooperation and partnership, strengthening the appropriability regime and also empowering managers, we can see the improvement of open innovation process and a consequent positive impact on the company performance as well as innovative performance in Yazd gold industry.