Combined Effects of Inclination Angle and Imposed Flow on Mixed Convective Cooling Inside a Vented Cavity Crossed by Nanofluids

Cooling enhancement by mixed convection in a tilted enclosure heated on one wall and vented by injecting or sucking an imposed flow by Alumina-water nanofluid has been analyzed. The inclination angle, 0°    90°, the nanoparticles volume fraction, 0    0.05, and the mode of the external flow are the control parameters for this study. The combined effects of the above controlling parameters on heat transfer and fluid flow are examined. The results indicate that adding nanoparticles driving to an increase of the average temperature and heat transfer rate in the cavity. Moreover, an enhancement in heat transfer rate is also achieved by varying the tilt of the cavity. More specifically, the better cooling is achieved at higher inclination angles (  70°). Finally, higher heat transfer performance and better cooling effectiveness are reached by the suction mode. Quantitatively, for  = 0.05 and  = 0°, a decrease of about 17 % of the fluid mean temperature is achieved by altering the mode of injection with the suction.