Optimizing in vitro Propagation of Fig Tree Cultivar Sabz Using Shoot Tip and Single Node Explants

This study was carried out to optimize in vitro micropropagation of fig tree cultivar Sabz. Initially, a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment consisting of different concentrations of cefotaxime was performed to identify the best antibiotic treatment to control internal bacterial infections. In the establishment stage, a CRD-factorial experiment included two culture media (MS and WPM), and different concentrations of BA (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg L-1) were performed to select the best establishment treatment. After four weeks, survival rate percentage, leaf number, and stem length indices were evaluated. In the shoot proliferation stage, MS salt medium enriched with different concentrations of BAP (0, 1, 2, and 3 mg L-1) in combination with IBA (0, and 0.1 mg L-1) were used. The results revealed that internal bacterial infections were successfully eliminated using 100 mg L-1 cefotaxime. In addition, the highest established explant rate (100%) was observed in the MS medium containing 0.5 mg L-1 BAP, which was significantly higher than the WPM medium (76.49%). Also, the results showed that the most significant number of proliferated shoots and leaf numbers were observed in treatments of 2 mg L-1 BAP + 0.1 mg L-1 IBA and 2 mg L-1 BAP (2.90 and 2.41 shoots, and 7.77 and 6.78 leaves, respectively). In addition, the highest shoot length was seen in treatments of 1 mg L-1 BAP + 0.1 mg L-1 IBA, control and 1 mg L-1 BAP (1.96, 1.48, and 1.51, respectively).