Identifying key factors in the pharmaceutical supply chain with an impact approach by military organizations in crises based on interpretive structural modeling (ISM)

Crisis management after disasters is a necessity that requires the supply and distribution of many resources, including medicine. the supply chain of pharmaceutical items needs special attention due to its complexity , importance and role in health and human life. military organizations are one of the main bases for crisis management . Due to their preparation and mastery of relief services, they are able to manage, control and the supply and distribution of medicinal items for reducing adverse effects and improve relief methods. On the other hand, in order to improve the performance of each supply chain, there is a need to recognize and analyze fundamental indicators, in order to improve the effect on supply chain factors. In the current research, first by studying and reviewing the literature and expert advice, twelve critical success factors that lead to a responsive pharmaceutical supply chain have been identified. Then, Interpretive Structural Modeling approach was used to interpret the interdependence between the selected factors. The effective factors in the cold supply chain are divided into 7 levels, the factors of information technology and the skill of the forces are the most influential factors that have the most driving power because they drive other factors and, the factors of safety and quick response had a high degree of dependence and should be considered as targets in this supply chain. The results of this research will help to understand better management in pharmaceutical supply chains during crises to carry out strategic actions by military organizations.