Analyzing the crime of insulting witnesses and informants in the legal system of Iran and Germany

Witnesses and informants are considered assistants of the criminal justice system and play an important role in discovering the truth and obtaining results from the judicial authority. They should be able to express their statements clearly and honestly under the protection of the principle of fair proceedings and away from the threats and insults of the litigants. Threats and insults towards the assistants of the criminal justice system cause disruptions in the proceedings, on the basis that they cannot express their statements in a way that is worthy of discovering the truth and obtaining results, therefore, measures must be taken to ensure that witnesses and informants are ultimately independent and Declare the impartiality of what they know about the lawsuit in question to the judicial authority. This research aims to investigate the crime of insulting witnesses and informants in two legal systems of Iran and Germany with a descriptive-analytical method and using library resources. The findings of the research show that in both countries there is no independent crime under the title of insulting witnesses and informants, and to determine the guarantee of criminal execution against this category of actors of the criminal justice system, one should refer to the general regulations. Also, other regulations have been foreseen in the legal system of both countries, which include a preventive approach.