The reaction of yield and yield components of three wheat cultivars to seed density and kaolin foliar application in dry conditions

In many regions of the country, including Lorestan highlands, the amount, distribution and intensity of rainfall has a negative effect on the production of crops such as wheat in rainy conditions. Choosing the most suitable cultivar helps the economy of farmers in the region while increasing production. On the other hand, it seems necessary to find suitable practical solutions, including antiperspirant materials such as kaolin, to reduce perspiration and adjust the drought stress. Also, one of the effective factors for increasing plant yield in the management of agricultural operations is the change in the planting density of agricultural plants, which can cause changes in yield and yield components. Plant density is one of the most important factors determining the ability of crops to use environmental resources and is of particular importance in wheat production. For this purpose, the cultivar, density and kaolin were investigated simultaneously in order to achieve the best treatment for the dry conditions of the region in this experiment.

In order to investigate the effect of seed density and kaolin foliar application on rainfed wheat cultivars, a two-year factorial-split plot research was conducted in the form of randomized complete block design with four replications under rainfed conditions in Kohdasht city. . The density factor at four levels of 350, 500, 650 and 800 seeds per square meter and the variety factor including three varieties of rainfed wheat, Karim, Koohdasht and Qaboos, factorially in the main plots and kaolin foliar application in two control and foliar application levels. 5% of kaolin was placed in sub-plots.

The results showed that the density of 500 seeds per square meter without and with kaolin spraying was the highest in the first two years (respectively 2428 and 2480 kg per hectare) and the second year (respectively 2798 and 2831 kg per hectare). It showed the yield of the seed. Qaboos variety at a density of 500 seeds per square meter without and with kaolin application (2792 and 2802 kg/ha respectively) had the highest seed yield. The trend of changes in wheat grain yield in the second year of the experiment showed that grain yield followed a significant polynomial relationship with increasing seed density in all three cultivars Karim, Koohdasht and Qaboos; So that there was no significant change with the increase in density from 350 to 500 seeds per square meter and it decreased with further increase in density. Koohdasht cultivar without kaolin application had the highest amount of seed protein (12.30%).

Qaboos cultivar had the highest seed yield at a density of 500,000 seeds per hectare, which is recommended for the region. Kaolin spraying under the conditions of this experiment did not play a positive role in the quantitative and qualitative production of wheat.