An Introduction to Structuralism and the Structuring of Jurisprudence (Background, Necessity, Goals, Methods and Functions)

One of the topics in philosophy of jurisprudence is the structure of jurisprudence (Fiqh). In the secondary study regarding the structure of jurisprudence, sometimes we seek to know jurisprudential structures and express their strengths and weaknesses (structuralism) and sometimes we seek to design and propose a jurisprudential structure (structuring); Therefore, it is appropriate to examine these two topics separately. This study aims to know the structure of jurisprudence from a secondary perspective. The method in this research is descriptive and analytical; In this way, it is descriptive in stating the background, necessity and functions, and it is analytical in stating the goals and methods. The general novelty of this article is in the study of the secondary study and the separation of structuralism from structuring. This has not been dealt with so far. The findings of this article are: 1. The development of structuralism in three periods, the justification and criticism of Mohaghegh Heli's structure, the introduction and criticism of a number of jurisprudential structures, raising some topics of jurisprudential structuralism; 2. Expression of methods of structuralism (descriptive method and recommended method); 3. Statement of the background of jurisprudence structuring (40 structures); 4. Stating the primary, middle and higher goals of structuring; 5. Expression of two major methods of jurisprudence structuring; In-jurisprudence method and extra-jurisprudence method and 6. Expressing the functions of jurisprudence structuring.