Risk taking of the physical development of Kermanshah against the risk of earthquake with non-active defense approach

Pathology of seismic zones in the regions of the country indicates the concentration of population in cities and inefficiency in pathology and protection of these spaces this raises the need for passive defense. The aim of this article is to study earthquake risk and the process of physical development of Kermanshah metropolis with an urban defense approach. It is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of implementation method. This study intends to redefine risk reduction strategies based on the 45 indicators obtained by preparing a vulnerability zone and risk map in Kermanshah metropolis. The results show the earthquake risk zones in this city more than 14% of the city is in the range of high and very high vulnerability, which is mainly in areas 1, 3, 5 and 7. Also, according to the data and results of the research, the optimal directions in accordance with the passive defense considerations for the physical-spatial development of Kermanshah metropolis is a radial-linear model with internal-checkered order.