Social Training Principles and Methods Based on Holistic, Reductionist, and Combined Sociological Approaches

The identification of principles and methods of social training that are based on three sociological approaches of holistic, reductionist, and combinatory requires the combination of introductions and realistic descriptions of both the ultimate goals and methods in these three approaches. Using William K. Frankena’s method of reconstructed practical comparison the following sets of principles and methods were drawn: Holistic principles of cooperation, group participation in training activities, creation of equal opportunities for all students, and strengthening the spirit of empathy with members of the society and methods such as group investigations; Reductionist principles of the development of students’ personal identity, their freedom of choice throughout the educational process, and preparation of opportunities for the development of their wisdom as well as methods value clarification and doing personal projects; Combinatory principles of identification and attention to students’ interests and needs, as well as preparation for creation of social norms, as well as methods like interaction and inquisitive confrontation.