Structure of Political Participation Terms and Levels in The Qur'an

Although political participation in the Qur'an is less directly addressed, but it can be indirectly and implicitly inferred through a thematic interpretation based on some similar concepts and components. Therefore, the main research question is: What are the terms (units) and the levels of political participation in the Holy Qur’an? The research aimes to prove the fact that the Holy Qur’an has paid attention enough to all existing and possible units and contexts at the micro and macro levels in order to maximize political participation. Accordingly, what we call units “zhurouf” indicate the terms of political participation analysis, and these terms can be classified under the context of political terms into following: fi’ah (group), ta’ifah (sect), qabilah (tribe), qawm (nation), ahl al-qaryah, ahl al-medinah, ummah, faithful people and human society, among which the  faithful people, e.i. the expression of ‘O you who have believed’ is the most one to involve political participation.Political participation levels can also be constructed in the three forms of political participation of the masses, the general public, elites, parties and groups. The holy Qur’an emphasizes maximum participation at all levels by taking into account the previous flexible criteria.The political participation of the masses is based on Qur’anic sermons, and the political participation of the elites takes two forms, individual and collective, and the individual form, with the exception of the prophets, is envisioned in the elite front of truth and falsehood.The collective form is also envisioned in positive and negative elite councils and groups.The relevant verses show that the Qur’an considers political participation as the truth and reality. Among the features of Qur’anic political participation are the efficiency of the political system, regular access to it, balanced and proportional distribution of power, increase of trust between the government and the nation, and the realization of rights and transmission of political demands to the government.