Criticism of the Ontological-Theological Implications of the Theory of Emanation with an Interpretative Approach to Divine Impermeability

The theory of emanation based on "creating from being" has conflicts with the divine impermeability based on "creating not from being" in terms of its implications. This requires the accurate attention of scholars in the field of Islamization of human sciences. The article has analyzed the ontological-theological implications of the theory of emanation and criticized it based on an interpretive approach to divine impermeability. Impermeability approach negates any "birth" and "emanation" from God and introduces him with the expressions, "He neither begets nor is born" and "Nor is there to Him any equivalent". While based on the theory of emanation, begetting is accepted in God's Essence and His will is considered as an essential attribute, in the interpretive approach to divine impermeability, God's will is an attribute of action. In the intended meaning of "impermeability", God starts creation based on will and its accompaniment, that is, "Be! and it is" (the agent by will); while in the theory of emanation, the issuance of the creation is necessary from the essence of the Real, and any possibility of not issuing is ruled out, and therefore, God's will and power are limited. In the theory of emanation and its other frequently used equivalent "effusion", there is cognation between the cause and the effect; but according to divine impermeability, there is no need for cognation between the creator and the creature, and it is possible for God to create diverse and multiple beings by creating and making them without the need for an intermediary.