Mini-review for methods of induction experimental ischemia stroke: type of model, evaluation ischemic damage and neurological deficit

Stroke, cerebral ischemia, is the third largest cause of death and one of major causes of long-term disability in modern and development countries. Unfortunately, despite considerable efforts, no specific clinical treatment is approved for the cure of stroke. Therefore, the search for cure as well as understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke requires reliable and valid experimental models. Currently, several animal models of cerebral ischemia have been developed to evaluate potential therapies for ischemic stroke. Experimental models of cerebral ischemia are divided into global and focal cerebral ischemia. Focal cerebral ischemia is induced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery via craniotomy or embolic, while global ischemia induced by occlusion major nutrients arteries of brain and cardiac arrest. In summary, we discuss the most important animal models of focal and global brain ischemia in the present review article.