Antisperm Antibody and the Risk Factors of Its Formation in Infertile Men

Background and objectives Several studies have demonstrated that antisperm antibody (ASA) can interfere with fertilization. ASA can be detected in the serum or semen by different tests. In this study the percentage of ASA-IgG was determined by the direct mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR) test in men from infertile couples in Khorramabad city. Furthermore the risk factors of formation of ASA were evaluated to determine the correlation between these factors and presence of ASA. Methods 200 men were tested for ASA as a part of the infertility evaluation. Patients were grouped according to percentage of ASA of < 10% or ≥ 10%. Risk factors for ASA (varicocele hernia and genitourinary infections) were considered for each group. Statistical analysis was performed using Fishers exact test. Results ASA was detected in 18.5% of the studied cases. Prior varicocele was significantly associated with presence of ASA detected by direct MAR. Prior hernia was not associated with presence of ASA detected by direct MAR. Prior genitourinary infections were significantly associated with presence of ASA detected by direct MAR. Conclusion These findings suggest that manipulation of cord structures including vas deferens is not associated with formation of ASA; however varicocele and prior genitourinary infections are significant risk factors for the development of ASA.