Comparison of P53, Ki67 and P27 Expression Rate in Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Actinic Keratosis and Bowen Disease

What is the boundary between in situ lesion and invasive ones. Some times it is difficult to answer this question histologically. In this study we evaluated the expression of P27, Ki-67 and P53 markers in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), actinic keratosis (AK) and Bowen disease (BD). In this study 60 skin biopsies samples were examined by immunohistochemical staining for detection of Ki-67, P27 and P53. From total number of 60 patients, 15 patients had SCC, 15 patients had BD and remaining 15 had AK. We should be note that 15 specimens were taken from normal skins of patient who undervent mamoplasty surgery. Ki-67 index was positive in 0.8%, 23.7%, 12.3% and 19.3% percent of normal skin, AK, BD and SCC specimens, respectively. Accordingly, the percentage of Ki-67 possivity was significantly lower in normal skin compared with other pathologic conditions. P27 was positive in 23.4%, 26.2%, 25.9% and 4.5% percent of skin specimens in normal, AK, BD and SCC groups, respectively. The percentage of Ki-67+ cells was significantly lower in SCC group comparing with BD and AK groups. P53 index was positive in 26.6, 41.8 and 54.6 percent of patients with AK, BD and SCC, respectively. We didn’t observe any P53 possivity in normal skin specimens and its highest possivity was observed in SCC patients. Based on our results, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of Ki-67, P27 and P53 expression may be helpful for differentiating malignant from nonmalignant epidermal lesions.