The effects of concurrent use of vitamin A and very low frequency electromagnetic field (50Hz) on limb bud development in chick embryo

Electromagnetic fields depending on the intensity and frequency have variety effects on living organisms. Vitamin A has an important role on the growth of living organisms. In this study, the effects of concurrent use of vitamin A and very low frequency electromagnetic field on the growth of limb bud of chick embryo have been investigated. This experimental laboratory study was performed on 30 eggs with Gallus gallus fertilized race. The eggs were randomly divided into three equal groups including control, laboratory control and experimental. The samples of experimental group were treated with vitamin A 56 hours after incubation (1 IU). Then eggs were placed in active electromagnetic waves generator machine with 50 HZ frequency and 50 G intensity for 3 hours. On the twelfth day of incubation, embryos were removed from their eggs and measured embryo weight and total length of embryo hindlimb. Then embryos were prepared for histological studies with microscope using measurement software "Image J" in microscope sections at length of tibia, length of ontogenesis zone and also counting of chondrocytes of epiphysis and diaphysis. The resulting data were analyzed with SPSS-15. The results show a significant decrease in the average of embryo weight, total length of embryo limb, length of tibia, average of chondrocyte zones of epiphysis and diaphysis and average length of osteogenesis zone (p=0.001). Based on this Study we conclude that concurrent use of vitamin A and very low frequency electromagnetic field has a delayed effect on development of chick embryo and it causes decreased embryo weight, limb length and accumulation of chondrocyte.