The Study of the Philosophical Foundations of Action Research (Investigator Teacher)

According to the "approaches of Schools", all operations in the education are based on a philosophy and result from its principles. Action research is an approach in quantitative inquiries which help teachers and education agents combine research with educational situation enabling them to perform their immediate and direct roles in the educational situation and improvement of education, and make the educational system achieve the ideal point. The present paper tries to study the theoretical and philosophical roots of action research, using a documentary-analytical method. Therefore, taking into consideration the several features, aims, and results of action research (investigator teacher), the article describes three common features and aims which are as follows: considering the criticism of status quo, emphasizing on practice and its combination with theory, and shifting towards the ideal direction. It goes on to argue and compare the philosophical root and position of action research in pragmatism, Marxism, and critical theory of deduction.