Ischemic Heart Disease Affected by Renal Failure in Postoperative Orthopedic Lower Surgery: A Case Report

Renal dysfunction in the surgical patient is usually multifactorial: the most common cause is acute tubular necrosis (ATN) as a result of hypoxic damage to renal cells. Intra-operative events such as hypoxia and hypotension undoubtedly play an important role in this regards. Besides, among the peri-operative risk factors for ATN we can mention history of ischemic heart diseases and hypertension, age more than 65 years, diabetes mellitus, ACE inhibitor therapy, other comorbid illnesses, oliguria, sepsis, mechanical ventilation, and multiorgan failure. In this special case, as we will discuss more, you would realize that our patient was an 89 years old woman with hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and diabet, with history of myocardial infarction. She had heart failure with ejection fraction of 30% and severe pulmonary hypertension who had also AF rhythm refractory to every kind of therapy. As she had to be operated due to falling down and her inter-trochanteric fracture, spinal anesthesia was chosen for her. However following the scenario which will be mentioned, she passed away unfortunately because of post -operative ATN in the ICU.