Effect of long- and short- term of fumonisin B1 orally administration on esophagus tissue in animal model

Numerous epidemiologic studies have shown that esophagus cancer is more common in areas with grains containing mycotoxin such as fumonisin B1 (FB1). The aim of this research is to study the effect of long- and short-term of esophagus tissue to fB1 orally administered in animal model. Forty-four female mice have been divided in two short- and long-term groups that further subdivided into control and therapeutic subgroups. FB1 (25 mg/50 g birthweight) has been gavaged for 4 weeks in the short-term therapeutic subgroups and FB1 (10 mg/l) has been used in drinking water for 12 months in the long-term group. At the end of study, liver and esophagus tissues have been studied for histo-pathological changes. Also genes expression of c-myc، TGF-α، HGF AFP and P53 were detected by using RT-PCR method. In short- and long-term groups (6 and 9 months) no macroscopic and microscopic sign were observed in the various organs. But in the microscopic examination of the liver (9 and 12 months) mild dysplasia of hepatocytes with aniso nucleus, increased Kupffer cells and nucleolus deposit of hyalonoid amorphous in liver media layer were observed. In immunohistochemical study, nuclear dysplastic of hepatocytes were detected with increased staining and hyalonoid amorphous deposit. Our results indicate that even though no pathologic changes in the esophagus tissue have been found in the short- and long-term exposure to FB1, however, metabolic effects of FB1 in animal's parenchyma organs especially liver, kidney and lung warrants further study.