The Empowerment of Pregnant Women in Tonekabon, Iran
Abstract:
Background
Pregnant women empowerment is viewed by policy makers and health care practitioners as a mechanism to help pregnant women adapt to physical and psychological changes after pregnancy, and gain a satisfactory experience of childbirth. The aim of this study was to determine the pregnancy-related empowerment of urban women in Tonekabon, Iran
Methods
The design of the study was cross-sectional. A valid empowerment scale for pregnant women was used to determine pregnancy-related empowerment. The questionnaire containing 27 questions comprised five factors: self-efficacy, future image, self-esteem, support and assurance from others, and joy of an addition to family. Higher scores in all factors mean better empowerment score. In addition, a demographic and reproductive questionnaire was also used to obtain demographics and reproductive information. A total of 200 individuals, from two active urban primary healthcare centers in Tonekabon, were selected using cluster random sampling method. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 17. Independent t-test was used to determine the relationship between demographic and reproductive variables with empowerment.
Results
The mean for the empowerment score of pregnant women was 78.7±6.7 (27 items scored from 1 to 4). The women who worked outside home had higher self esteem score than those who worked just at home (19.3 vs. 17.7) (p= 0.024). Also the mean score of self efficacy in women with support of spouse was higher than those without their spouse support (18.1 vs. 16.1) (p= 0.001). In women with wanted pregnancy, the joy of an addition to the score was higher compared with those with unwanted pregnancy (P= 0.048). There was no statistically significant result found in the mean scores of the five factors (self-efficacy, future image, self-esteem, support and assurance from others, and joy of an addition to family) with age, own education, husband education, and number of pregnancy.
Conclusion
The results of this survey could be used not only to make efficient interventions for pregnant women, but also to promote empowerment of pregnant women.
Language:
English
Published:
Caspian Journal of Reproductive Medicine, Volume:2 Issue: 1, Winter-Spring 2016
Pages:
9 to 13
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