Knowledge and Attitude on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Their Relationship with Obesity and Biochemical Parameters

According to the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in developing countries as well as high treatment expenses for patients and health-care systems, CVD prevention in such societies has a great importance. One of the most effective strategies is improvement of knowledge and attitude towards the CVD risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of females on CVD risk factors and also the relationship between knowledge and attitude with obesity indices and biochemical parameters.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 89 women with the age range of 11 to 67 years old and BMI of 24 to 51 kg/m2. Participants were interviewed face to face using a valid questionnaire in order to evaluate their knowledge and attitude on CVD risk factors. Blood sampling was implemented after 12 h of overnight fasting. Fasting blood sugar and lipid profile were assessed by enzymatic methods. Anthropometric measurements were performed and obesity indices were calculated.
More than 70% of participants had moderate or good knowledge and attitude about CVD risk factors. Participant's knowledge and attitude had a significant positive association with educational level and a significant reverse relationship with age, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and obesity indices.
Results of this study indicated that knowledge and attitude levels on CVD risk factors affect the obesity indices and metabolic profile. Hence, knowledge and attitude enhancement is the main target and initial step in improving life quality and preventing cardiovascular diseases.