Somatic Mutation in Immunoglobulin Gene Variable Region in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Prognostic Impact

Chronic lymphocyte leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in elderly individuals that is accompanied by the presence of CD5/CD19/CD20/CD23 positive, FMC7 negative and reduced levels of surface membrane Immunoglobuline (IgM & IgD), CD79b on B lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes. Remarkably, based on the mutational IgVH status, B-CLL cases can be subdivided into two prognostic groups: the first one with presence mutation (≥ 2%) in VH gene and second one with absence mutation (≤ 2%) in VH gene that is the mutation of IgVH status, affected on progression and overall survival of CLL patients. Correspondingly, also the expression level of several markers is correlated with the mutation of IgVH status and prognosis of CLL disease. In this review we focused on relation between mutation IgVH status and CLL prognosis and overall survival and also some cellular markers which may affect CLL clinical status.