Comparison of the Effects of Alcohol, Chlorhexidine and Alcohol-Chlorhexidine on Local Catheter-Related Infections Rate: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial Study
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Article Type:
Research/Original Article (دارای رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:
Background
Although it is vital to prevent catheter-related infections (CRIs) as the most common cause of hospital infections, there is still no agreement on the best antiseptic agent.
Objectives
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of chlorhexidine, alcohol, and alcohol-chlorhexidine solutions on local CRIs in patients admitted to coronary care units (CCUs).
Methods
This randomized double-blind clinical trial was performed on 150 patients admitted to the CCUs of the hospitals affiliated to Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2017. The subjects were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly divided into three groups of 50, including groups A (alcohol), B (chlorhexidine), and C (alcohol-chlorhexidine). The injection site was disinfected with 70% alcohol, chlorhexidine solution, chlorhexidine-alcohol solutions in groups A, B, and C at a radius of 5 cm from the center. Local CRIs rate was assessed based on results of a culture test. After removing the catheter from the vessel, the tip was separated with a scissor and transferred to the culture medium under sterile conditions. It was then sent to laboratory for microbiological evaluation, and the culture results were compared. In case of growth of more than 15 colonies in each plate, the colony was considered to be positive. Patients and laboratory experts who reviewed and reported the results of the culture were blind to the group allocations. Data were then analyzed by using Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test in SPSS, version 16.
Results
We found a significant difference between the three groups in terms of local CRIs (A: 20%, B: 22%, and C: 4%; P: 0.024). There was a significant difference between the chlorhexidine and alcohol-chlorhexidine groups (P = 0.007) and between the alcohol and alcohol-chlorhexidine groups in this regard (P = 0.014). The prevalence of local CRIs was significantly lower in the alcohol-chlorhexidine group than the alcohol and chlorhexidine groups.
Conclusions
Since the findings of the present research showed that skin cleansing with alcohol-chlorhexidine solution compared to alcohol and chlorhexidine could more effectively reduce local CRIs, it is recommended to use this formulation for disinfection of the intravenous catheterization site.
Language:
English
Published:
Iranian Journal Of Medical - Surgical Nursing, Volume:7 Issue: 2, May 2018
Page:
4
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